`math`

Import with:

import math

All mathematical arguments may be Int or Float; the returned numeric result is a Float unless stated otherwise.

Basic numeric functions

Function	Description
`math.abs(x)`	Absolute value
`math.sign(x)`	Sign of `x` (`-1`, `0`, or `1` for ordinary finite values)
`math.floor(x)`	Largest integer-valued `Float` not greater than `x`
`math.ceil(x)`	Smallest integer-valued `Float` not less than `x`
`math.round(x)`	Round to the nearest integer-valued `Float` using Rust’s floating-point rounding semantics
`math.trunc(x)`	Remove the fractional part toward zero
`math.fract(x)`	Fractional part

Examples:

math.abs(-3.5)
math.floor(3.9)
math.ceil(3.1)
math.trunc(-3.9)
math.fract(3.25)

Function	Description
`math.sqrt(x)`	Square root
`math.cbrt(x)`	Cube root
`math.pow(x, y)`	`x` raised to the power `y`
`math.exp(x)`	`e^x`
`math.exp2(x)`	`2^x`
`math.ln(x)`	Natural logarithm
`math.log(x)`	Natural logarithm (same implementation as `ln`)
`math.log2(x)`	Base-2 logarithm
`math.log10(x)`	Base-10 logarithm

math.sqrt(16)
math.pow(2, 8)
math.log10(1000)

Function	Description
`math.sin(x)`	Sine, radians
`math.cos(x)`	Cosine, radians
`math.tan(x)`	Tangent, radians
`math.asin(x)`	Inverse sine
`math.acos(x)`	Inverse cosine
`math.atan(x)`	Inverse tangent
`math.atan2(y, x)`	Four-quadrant inverse tangent

let angle = math.pi() / 4
print(math.sin(angle))

Function	Description
`math.hypot(x, y)`	Euclidean norm `sqrt(x² + y²)`
`math.min(x, y)`	Minimum of two numeric values
`math.max(x, y)`	Maximum of two numeric values
`math.clamp(x, min, max)`	Clamp `x` into `[min, max]`

Example:

math.clamp(12, 0, 10)    // 10.0
math.hypot(3, 4)          // 5.0

The constants are exposed as zero-argument functions:

math.pi()
math.e()
math.tau()

They return the corresponding floating-point constants.